While you are allowed to attempt these problems working with other
classmates, you are NOT allowed to ask any faculty or students outside
the course for help. As usual, the solutions you turn in
should be your own work. Solutions may be turned in up until the
final exam, Saturday, Dec. 14th.
(1) Given any sequence {x_n}. Let S be the set of all possible
subsequences of {x_n}. So each element of S is a particular subsequence {x_n_k}.
Is S a countable or uncountable set? Provide a proof to receive credit.
(2) Give an alternate proof of the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem using
Exercise #15 in Section 2.5.
(3) Prove rigorously that lim x -> 0 (sin x)/ x = 1. You may NOT use
L'Hopital's rule. (We haven't proved it yet.) Try following Exercise #9 in Section 3.2.
(4) Prove the Intermediate Value Theorem using the Nested Interval Theorem.
See Exercise #22 in Section 3.5.
(5) Suppose that f is a continuous function from the interval [0,1]
to [0,1], that f'(x) exists and is continuous on (0,1), and that f has a
fixed point q in (0,1), ie. f(q) = q. If |f'(q)| < 1, show that there exists
a neighborhood U of q such that every point in U limits to q under iteration
of f. In other words, given an initial seed c in U, consider the sequence {x_n} defined by
x_1 = c, x_2 = f(c), x_3 = f(f(c)), ..., x_n+1 = f(x_n). Show that for any
initial seed c in U, the resulting sequence always converges to q. We call such a
q an attracting fixed point. Hint: Use the Mean Value Theorem repeatedly.
(6) Prove that the sum of the inifinite series of 1/n^2 from n=1 to n=inifinity
is equal to Pi^2/6. You may use any reference or text to locate a proof.